public displays of affection
showing your feelings of liking or love for someone in public
affection Show phoneticsnoun [C or U]
a feeling of liking for a person or place:---------------------1- kasih sayang - kanak 2 memerlukan kasih sayang - - anjing dapat menunjukkan kasih sayang pada tuannya - ----------------2- menyayangi -
......................He had a deep affection for his aunt.
..................She felt no affection for the child.
..............The former president still holds a place in the nation's affections.
..................Sula seems to have transferred her affections from Jon to his brother
forked out
forced to spend (colloquial)
fork (sth) out phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL
to pay, especially unwillingly:---------------1- membayar - abang saya berhutang dgn saya rm50 tapi dia enggan membayarnya -- - dia mahu saya bayar 10 pound utk secawan kopi -
.......................I forked out ten quid for/on the ticket.
.....................I couldn't persuade him to fork out for a new one.
hidden in the mists of time
too old for anyone to remember/confirm/clarify
mist Show phoneticsnoun [C or U]
1 thin fog produced by very small drops of water gathering in the air just above an area of ground or water:---------------1- kabut - kabus - rahsia yg senyap dalam kabut masa - ------------2- kabus - sesuatu yg mengelapkan pemikiran [ membuatkan susah nak faham -
2 a thin layer of liquid on the surface of something which makes it difficult to see:
.................UK There's always a mist on the bathroom mirror/windows when I've had a shower.
.....................Through a mist of tears, I watched his train pull out of the station.
martyred
killed because of his beliefs
martyred Show phoneticsadjective
1 A martyred person has been killed because of their religious or political beliefs:.-----------------1- org yang mati atau menderita demi agama ---------------2- syahid - mengorbankan nyawa - dia korbankan nyawa demi kebenaran -
..............a martyred saint
...............a martyred civil rights activist
2 DISAPPROVING showing that you are suffering so that people will have sympathy for you:
...............She was wearing a martyred expression.
emperor Show phoneticsnoun [C]
a male ruler of an empire
...........See also empress.
recorded
known, documented
record (STORE INFORMATION) Show phoneticsverb [T]
1 to keep information for the future, by writing it down or storing it on a computer:------------------1 - catat - setiausaha catat minit mesyuarat - ----------------2 - menjadi bukti kepada - - puing2 menjadi bukti kepada peradaban masa lampau - -------------3- merakam-
................She records everything that happens to her in her diary.
.................Unemployment is likely to reach the highest total that has ever been recorded.
................[+ that] In his journal, Captain Scott recorded that he and his companions were weakened by lack of food.
...................LEGAL The coroner recorded (= decided) a verdict of accidental death.
2 If a device records a measurement, it shows that measurement:
.....................The thermometer recorded a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius
imprisoned
put in jail
imprison Show phoneticsverb [T usually passive]
to put someone in prison:------------------1- memenjarakan - - mengurung - yg dituduh di penjara selama 3 tahun - - anak itu dikurung dalam bilik tidurnya -
..................He was imprisoned in 1965 for attempted murder.
...................FIGURATIVE Unable to go out because of the deep snow, she felt imprisoned in her own house.
sought solace
tried to find comfort
solace Show phoneticsnoun [S or U] LITERARY
help and comfort when you are feeling sad or worried:-------------1- ketenangan jiwa [find solace ] dia dapat ketenangan jiwa dgn solat - ---------------2- [seek solace ] cari ketenangan jiwa - - dia cari ketenangan jiwa melalui kerjanya - - ------------------------3- penawar - - cucu adalah penawar bagi orang tua -
...................When his wife left him, he found solace in the bottle (= drank alcohol).
...................Music was a great solace to me during this period
confinementim
prisonment
confinement Show phoneticsnoun
1 [U] when a person or animal is kept somewhere, usually by force:---------------------1- pengurungan - - pengurungan brasingan - -
.....................She spent most of those years under house arrest or close confinement.
equivalent
here, a special occasion that has the same meaning and purpose
equivalent Show phoneticsnoun [C usually singular]
................There is no English equivalent for 'bon appetit' so we have adopted the French expression.
......................Ten thousand people a year die of the disease - that's the equivalent of the population of this town.
customary
normal, usual
customary Show phoneticsadjective
.........................She's not her customary (= usual) cheerful self today.
customary Show phoneticsadjective TRADITION)
................[+ to infinitive] In my village, it is customary for a girl to take her mother's name
.................It was customary for women to wear hats when they went to church.
.....................The students sat in their customary classroom seats.
commiserate with
show sympathy for
commiserate Show phoneticsverb [I]
to express sympathy to someone about some bad luck:-------------1- turut bersimpati dgn - - dia turut bersimpati dgn wanita itu gagal dapat kerja -
...................I began by commiserating with her over the defeat.
...........She called to commiserate over his loss.
e-cards
short for electronic cards, i.e. virtual cards that are sent via the internet
e- [Show phonetics]combining form abbreviation for electronic
..-----....e-commerce
all the rage
very popular
be (all) the rage OLD-FASHIONED
to be very popular at a particular time:---------------1- menjadi kegilaan - berjoging menjadi kegilaan sekarang ini -
..................Long hair for men was all the rage in the seventies
....................Fake leopard print, so fashionable in the seventies, is all the rage again now.
wary
here, careful
wary Show phoneticsadjective
not completely trusting or certain about something or someone:-----------------1- berhati2 - - waspada - budak2 itu di ajar agar waspada - lelaki tua yg berhati2 dalam kata2 -
..................I'm a bit wary of/about giving people my address when I don't know them very well.
malicious hackers
people who access other people's computers with bad intentions (e.g. to look for their personal information, like credit card details, or to stop their computers working properly)
malicious Show phoneticsadjective
intended to harm or upset other people:----------------1- berniat jahat - - orang yg betul2 berniat jahat - - perbuatan berniat jahat -
....................malicious gossip
..................a malicious look in his eyes
........................He complained that he'd been receiving malicious telephone calls.
.......................She denied the report that she appeared on the movie set drunk, saying it was a malicious story put out by people envious of her success.
.....................LEGAL He was charged with malicious wounding.
hacker Show phoneticsnoun [C] (ALSO computer hacker)
someone who hacks into other people's computer systems-----------------1- hancur - - ceroboh - -
..................Computer hacking has become very widespread over the last decade.
......................A programmer had managed to hack into some top-secret government data.
spyware
computer programs that reveal the identity of a computer user
viruses
here, computer programs which can make copies of themselves, preventing the computer from working properly
warrant (DOCUMENT) Show phoneticsnoun [C]
an official document, signed by a judge or other person in authority, which gives the police permission to search someone's home, arrest a person or take some other action:
.................a search warrant
.....................Judge La Riva had issued an arrest warrant/a warrant for his arrest.
Valentine's Day, or Love is in the Air
It’s that time of the year when couples show their love for each other by sending cards, flowers and chocolates. But Valentine’s Day is not only about public displays of affection: in recent years it has also become big business. In the UK alone, more than £20 million is spent on flowers, whilst in the United States over $1 billion is forked out on chocolates.
Although Valentine’s Day has become a global industry with more than 80 million roses sold worldwide, the origins of the day are unclear and hidden in the mists of time. Nobody knows exactly who St Valentine was, although some historians suggest he was a Roman martyred in the third century AD by a Roman Emperor. It is said that the first recorded Valentine’s card was sent by the imprisoned Duke of Orleans in 1415. It is believed that he sought solace from his confinement by writing love poems to his wife.
Valentine’s Day, or its equivalent, is now celebrated in many countries around the world. However, the traditions often differ from place to place. In Japan, for example, it is customary for the woman to send chocolates to the man, whilst in Korea April 14th is known as ‘Black Day’ and is when the unfortunate men who received nothing on Valentine’s Day gather to eat noodles and commiserate with each other.
Technological developments have also played their part in keeping Valentine’s Day relevant in the 21st century. Valentine’s e-cards have been all the rage in recent years. However, internet security experts urge web users to be wary as malicious hackers could use e-cards to spread viruses and spyware.
Valentine’s cards can also be used for less than romantic purposes. Police in the UK city of Liverpool sent Valentine’s cards to criminals who failed to appear in court or have not paid fines. The cards contained the verse, “Roses are red, violets are blue, you’ve got a warrant, and we’d love to see you.” Who says romance is dead?
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